Sustainability Data for Surface Treatment

Note: See Sustainability Cost Model Overview for general information about the carbon information data that aPriori provides for all supported processes.

The Surface Treatment cost model provides Sustainability data for the following processes:

• Anodize

• Decorative Chrome Plating, Hard Chrome Plating, and Nickel Plating

• Zinc Plating and Zinc Nickel Plating

• Powder Coat Cart

• Wet Coat Line

Anodize

The Anodize Process cost model provides the following Sustainability outputs on the Part Details / Sustainability tab in aPriori:

• Supports Sustainability: Yes.

• Primary Material Carbon Factor: not applicable as surface treatments are considered to be secondary processes and the Primary Material Carbon Factor is not used by secondary processes. aPriori leaves the cell blank.

• Energy Carbon Factor, Logistics Carbon, Annual Carbon, and Total Carbon: the calculations for these variables are the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview.

• Material Carbon: see Material Carbon Calculation.

• Process Carbon: see Process Carbon Calculation. Note that the Indirect Machine Power calculation included in the Process Carbon calculation is the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview. Also see Process Carbon in the Sustainability Cost Model Overview for some general points about the Electricity Process Carbon and Other Process Carbon calculations.

Material Carbon Calculation

Material Carbon = (Process Area * Secondary Material Area Carbon Factor * Process Coating Thickness) / Final Yield

• Process Area: the surface area to be anodized, specified by the part Surface Area property, visible in the Geometric Cost Drivers panel. (If the Mask-Bench process is included, Process Area is calculated as (Part Surface Area - Masked Area); see Mask-Bench Routing for more information.)

• Secondary Material Area Carbon Factor: the CO₂ equivalent factor for the surface area that is anodized, (‘secondary’ because surface treatments are considered to be secondary processes). aPriori performs a lookup in the surfaceTreatmentMaterialCO2Factor table and returns the Carbon Emissions Area Factor for the Anodize process.

• Process Coating Thickness: specified by the setup option Specify Anodize Coating Thickness.

• Final Yield: the number of acceptable parts at the end of the entire part routing divided by the number of this process’ starting pieces including scrap. For details, see Surface Treatment Yield Calculations.

Process Carbon Calculation

Process Carbon = Electricity Process Carbon + Other Process Carbon

• Electricity Process Carbon: the primary source of process carbon based on energy factors and energy consumption. Calculated as (Energy Carbon Factor * Energy Consumption ) / Final Yield:

  • Energy Carbon Factor: the CO₂ equivalent factor for a unit of energy consumed. Specified by the top-level Digital Factory variable Electricity Carbon Factor (data provided by Ecoinvent). You can update the value in the Formula Dependencies or in the Digital Factory if you have a factor that you think is more representative of your selected location.

  • Energy Consumption: the energy consumption of the machine for the process, including direct and indirect energy consumption. See formula below.

  • Final Yield: For details, see Surface Treatment Yield Calculations.

• Other Process Carbon: (if applicable) any source of process carbon, including additional sources of carbon not related to electricity. If not applicable, this will have a value of 0.00.

Energy Consumption = (Direct Machine Energy Consumption + Indirect Machine Energy Consumption)

• Direct Machine Energy Consumption: the direct energy consumption of the machine. By default, aPriori calculates this using the Calculated Energy Consumption calculation. However, if you override Cycle Time or an element of Cycle Time that is not in the powerProfileFactors table, aPriori uses the Cycle Time Energy Consumption calculation. (If you override an element of Cycle Time that is in the powerProfileFactors table, aPriori continues to use the Calculated Energy Consumption calculation.)

• Indirect Machine Energy Consumption: the indirect energy consumption of the work center based on the overhead facility power usage. Calculated as (Indirect Machine Power * Cycle Time):

  • Indirect Machine Power: the indirect power of the work center based on the overhead facility power usage. For details, see Sustainability Cost Model Overview.

  • Cycle Time: the time for one complete cycle of the applicable machine to make a single part. Includes the process times for each stage of the selected Anodize process (Anodize Type I, Anodize Type IB, Anodize Type IC, Anodize Type II, or Anodize Type III). For details, see Anodize Formulas.

Calculated Energy Consumption

This is the calculated energy consumption of the machine based on cycle time stages and specific power profile factors. aPriori performs a lookup in the powerProfileFactors table, calculates (Machine Power * Power Factor * Process Step Time) for each cycle stage in the process, sums the results, and displays the total energy consumption for each stage of the process (Process Step Energy Consumption):

• Machine Power: the power requirement of the work center. Except for the Anodizing Time cycle stage, this is specified by the machine property Machine Power. For the Anodizing Time cycle stage, this is specified by the Anodizing Power calculation:

  • Anodizing Power: the required anodizing power of the machine. Calculated as the product of Process Area (described above), Anodizing Current Density (specified by the setup option Current Applied for Anodizing Process, expressed in Amps per feet squared) and Anodizing Voltage (specified by the machine property Anodizing Voltage).

• Power Factor: the Power Factor for each Anodizing cycle stage in the powerProfileFactors table. This is a researched value that is applied to the Machine Power to reduce it to the power requirement of the particular stage of the cycle.

• Process Step Time: the time to complete each step of the Cycle Time calculation (specified by the Formula Name in the powerProfileFactors table).

Cycle Time Energy Consumption

This is the energy consumption based on the cycle time and the maximum power profile factor. Calculated as: (Machine Power * Applied Power Factor) * Cycle Time:

• Machine Power: specified by the machine property Machine Power.

• Applied Power Factor: aPriori performs a lookup in the powerProfileFactors table and selects the maximum Power Factor for the process.

• Cycle Time: the time for one complete cycle of the applicable machine to make a single part. Includes the process times for each stage of the process. For details, see Anodize Formulas.

Decorative Chrome Plating, Hard Chrome Plating, and Nickel Plating

The Decorative Chrome Plating, Hard Chrome Plating, and Nickel Plating process cost models provide the following Sustainability outputs on the Part Details / Sustainability tab in aPriori:

• Supports Sustainability: Yes.

• Primary Material Carbon Factor: not applicable as surface treatments are considered to be secondary processes and the Primary Material Carbon Factor is not used by secondary processes. aPriori leaves the cell blank.

• Energy Carbon Factor, Logistics Carbon, Annual Carbon, and Total Carbon: the calculations for these variables are the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview.

• Material Carbon: see Material Carbon Calculation.

• Process Carbon: see Process Carbon Calculation. Note that the Indirect Machine Power calculation included in the Process Carbon calculation is the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview. Also see Process Carbon in the Sustainability Cost Model Overview for some general points about the Electricity Process Carbon and Other Process Carbon calculations.

Material Carbon Calculation

Material Carbon = (Process Area * Secondary Material Area Carbon Factor * Process Coating Thickness) / Final Yield

• Process Area: the total surface area of the part that is treated by the plating process. Calculated as: Part Surface Area * (Percentage Of Surface Area Electroplated / 100):

  • Part Surface Area: specified by the part Surface Area property, visible in the Geometric Cost Drivers pane.

  • Percentage Of Surface Area Electroplated: the percentage of the part surface area that is treated by the selected electroplating process. This is specified by the setup option Percentage of Part Surface Area that is Electroplated (located on the Electroplate node). By default, this takes the value of the cost model variable defaultPercentageOfSurfaceAreaElectroplated (100% in starting point Digital Factories). Note that users must manually include Masking operations to mask GCDs that are not electroplated.

• Secondary Material Area Carbon Factor: the CO₂ equivalent factor for the surface area that is plated by the secondary material, (‘secondary’ because surface treatments are considered to be secondary processes). aPriori performs a lookup in the surfaceTreatmentMaterialCO2Factor table and returns the Carbon Emissions Area Factor for the plating process (Decorative Chrome Plating, Hard Chrome Plating, or Nickel Plating).

• Process Coating Thickness: specified by the setup option Specify plating thickness.

• Final Yield: the number of acceptable parts at the end of the entire part routing divided by the number of this process’ starting pieces including scrap. For details, see Surface Treatment Yield Calculations.

Process Carbon Calculation

Process Carbon = Electricity Process Carbon + Other Process Carbon

• Electricity Process Carbon: the primary source of process carbon based on energy factors and energy consumption. Calculated as (Energy Carbon Factor * Energy Consumption ) / Final Yield:

  • Energy Carbon Factor: the CO₂ equivalent factor for a unit of energy consumed. Specified by the top-level Digital Factory variable Electricity Carbon Factor (data provided by Ecoinvent). You can update the value in the Formula Dependencies or in the Digital Factory if you have a factor that you think is more representative of your selected location.

  • Energy Consumption: the energy consumption of the machine for the process, including direct and indirect energy consumption. See formula below.

  • Final Yield: For details, see Surface Treatment Yield Calculations.

• Other Process Carbon: (if applicable) any source of process carbon, including additional sources of carbon not related to electricity. If not applicable, this will have a value of 0.00.

Energy Consumption = (Direct Machine Energy Consumption + Indirect Machine Energy Consumption)

• Direct Machine Energy Consumption: the direct energy consumption of the machine. Calculated as (Direct Machine Energy Consumption Per Micron * Process Coating Thickness):

  • Direct Machine Energy Consumption Per Micron: the direct energy consumption of the machine to deposit one micron of metal. See formula below.

  • Process Coating Thickness: specified by the setup option Specify plating thickness.

• Indirect Machine Energy Consumption: the indirect energy consumption of the work center based on the overhead facility power usage. Calculated as (Indirect Machine Power * Cycle Time):

  • Indirect Machine Power: the indirect power of the work center based on the overhead facility power usage. The calculations are the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview.

  • Cycle Time: the time for one complete cycle of the applicable machine to make a single part – note that Cycle Time is zero for plating processes and therefore aPriori leaves the cell blank.

Direct Machine Energy Consumption Per Micron = Used Amp Hours Deposition * Plating Voltage

• Used Amp Hours Deposition: calculated as (Amp Hours Deposition / Cathode Efficiency):

  • Amp Hours Deposition: aPriori performs a lookup in the electroplatingDepositionEnergyCharge table and returns the Amp Hours Deposition value for the plating process (Decorative Chrome Plating, Hard Chrome Plating, or Nickel Plating).

  • Cathode Efficiency: specified by the machine property Cathode Efficiency.

• Plating Voltage: for rack-plated methods (specified by the setup option Method of Plating), this is specified by the machine property Rack Plating Voltage. For barrel-plated methods, this is specified by the machine property Barrel Plating Voltage.

Zinc Plating and Zinc Nickel Plating

The Zinc Plating and Zinc Nickel Plating process cost models provide the following Sustainability outputs on the Part Details / Sustainability tab in aPriori:

• Supports Sustainability: Yes.

• Primary Material Carbon Factor: not applicable as surface treatments are considered to be secondary processes and the Primary Material Carbon Factor is not used by secondary processes. aPriori leaves the cell blank.

• Energy Carbon Factor, Logistics Carbon, Annual Carbon, and Total Carbon: the calculations for these variables are the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview.

• Material Carbon: see Material Carbon Calculation.

• Process Carbon: see Process Carbon Calculation. Note that the Indirect Machine Power calculation included in the Process Carbon calculation is the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview. Also see Process Carbon in the Sustainability Cost Model Overview for some general points about the Electricity Process Carbon and Other Process Carbon calculations.

Material Carbon Calculation

Material Carbon = (Process Area * Secondary Material Carbon Factor) / Final Yield

• Process Area: the total surface area of the part that is treated by the plating process. Calculated as Part Surface Area * (Percentage Of Surface Area Electroplated / 100):

  • Part Surface Area: the Surface Area of the part, visible in the Geometric Cost Drivers panel.

  • Percentage Of Surface Area Electroplated: the percentage of the part surface area that is treated by the selected electroplating process. This is specified by the setup option Percentage of Part Surface Area that is Electroplated (located on the Electroplate node). By default, this takes the value of the cost model variable defaultPercentageOfSurfaceAreaElectroplated (100% in starting point Digital Factories). Note that users must manually include Masking operations to mask GCDs that are not electroplated.

• Secondary Material Carbon Factor: the total CO₂ equivalent factor for the surface area that is plated by the secondary material, (‘secondary’ because surface treatments are considered to be secondary processes). See formula below.

• Final Yield: the number of acceptable parts at the end of the entire part routing divided by the number of this process’ starting pieces including scrap. For details, see Surface Treatment Yield Calculations.

Secondary Material Carbon Factor = Secondary Material Carbon Factor Thickness + Secondary Material Carbon Factor Thickness Adjustment

• Secondary Material Carbon Factor Thickness: the CO₂ equivalent factor for the surface area based on reference plating thickness. Calculated as (Secondary Material Base Carbon Factor * Coating Thickness Base):

  • Secondary Material Base Carbon Factor: the CO₂ equivalent factor for the base plating thickness per unit surface area. aPriori performs a lookup in the surfaceTreatmentMaterialCO2Factor table and returns the Carbon Emissions Area Factor for the process (Zinc Plating or Zinc Nickel Plating) where the Thickness Upper Bound for the process is not null.

  • Coating Thickness Base: the base coating thickness, less than or equal to the Thickness Upper Bound for the current process. If Process Coating Thickness is less than Thickness Upper Bound, aPriori uses the Process Coating Thickness value. If Process Coating Thickness is greater than Thickness Upper Bound, aPriori uses the Thickness Upper Bound value:

    • Process Coating Thickness: the thickness of the applied coating. This is specified by the setup option Specify plating thickness.

    • Thickness Upper Bound: the upper limit of plating thickness for current Carbon Emissions Area Factor. aPriori performs a lookup in the surfaceTreatmentMaterialCO2Factor table and returns the Thickness Upper Bound for the process (Zinc Plating or Zinc Nickel Plating).

• Secondary Material Carbon Factor Thickness Adjustment: the CO₂ equivalent factor for the surface area based on adjusted plating thickness. Calculated as (Secondary Material Adjustment Carbon Factor * Coating Thickness Adjustment):

  • Secondary Material Adjustment Carbon Factor: the CO₂ equivalent factor for the adjusted plating thickness per unit surface area. aPriori performs a lookup in the surfaceTreatmentMaterialCO2Factor table and returns the Carbon Emissions Area Factor for the process (Zinc Plating or Zinc Nickel Plating) where the Thickness Upper Bound for the process is null.

  • Coating Thickness Adjustment: the adjustment coating thickness more than the Thickness Upper Bound for the current process:

    • If Process Coating Thickness is less than or equal to Thickness Upper Bound, Coating Thickness Adjustment is 0.

    • If Process Coating Thickness is greater than Thickness Upper Bound, aPriori calculates Coating Thickness Adjustment as: (Process Coating Thickness - Thickness Upper Bound).

    See above for definitions of Process Coating Thickness and Thickness Upper Bound.

Process Carbon Calculation

Process Carbon = Electricity Process Carbon + Other Process Carbon

• Electricity Process Carbon: the primary source of process carbon based on energy factors and energy consumption. Calculated as (Energy Carbon Factor * Energy Consumption ) / Final Yield:

  • Energy Carbon Factor: the CO₂ equivalent factor for a unit of energy consumed. Specified by the top-level Digital Factory variable Electricity Carbon Factor (data provided by Ecoinvent). You can update the value in the Formula Dependencies or in the Digital Factory if you have a factor that you think is more representative of your selected location.

  • Energy Consumption: the energy consumption of the machine for the process. Including direct and indirect energy consumption. See formula below.

  • Final Yield: For details, see Surface Treatment Yield Calculations.

• Other Process Carbon: (if applicable) any source of process carbon, including additional sources of carbon not related to electricity. If not applicable, this will have a value of 0.00.

Energy Consumption = (Direct Machine Energy Consumption + Indirect Machine Energy Consumption)

• Direct Machine Energy Consumption: the direct energy consumption of the machine. Calculated as (Direct Machine Energy Consumption Per Micron * Process Coating Thickness * Process Area):

  • Direct Machine Energy Consumption Per Micron: see formula below.

  • Process Coating Thickness: specified by the setup option Specify plating thickness.

  • Process Area: the total surface area of the part that is treated by the plating process. Calculated as Part Surface Area * (Percentage Of Surface Area Electroplated / 100):

    • Part Surface Area: the Surface Area of the part, visible in the Geometric Cost Drivers panel.

    • Percentage Of Surface Area Electroplated: the percentage of the part surface area that is treated by the selected electroplating process. This is specified by the setup option Percentage of Part Surface Area that is Electroplated (located on the Electroplate node). By default, this takes the value of the cost model variable defaultPercentageOfSurfaceAreaElectroplated (100% in starting point Digital Factories). Note that users must manually include Masking operations to mask GCDs that are not electroplated.

• Indirect Machine Energy Consumption: the indirect energy consumption of the work center based on the overhead facility power usage. Calculated as (Indirect Machine Power * Cycle Time):

  • Indirect Machine Power: the indirect power of the work center based on the overhead facility power usage. See formula below. The calculations are the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview.

  • Cycle Time: the time for one complete cycle of the applicable machine to make a single part – note that Cycle Time is zero for plating processes and therefore aPriori leaves the cell blank.

Direct Machine Energy Consumption Per Micron = Used Amp Hours Deposition * Plating Voltage

• Used Amp Hours Deposition: calculated as (Amp Hours Deposition / Cathode Efficiency):

  • Amp Hours Deposition: aPriori performs a lookup in the electroplatingDepositionEnergyCharge table and returns the Amp Hours Deposition value for the process (Zinc Plating or Zinc Nickel Plating).

  • Cathode Efficiency: specified by the machine property Cathode Efficiency.

• Plating Voltage: for rack-plated methods (specified by the setup option Method of Plating), this is specified by the machine property Rack Plating Voltage. For barrel-plated methods, this is specified by the machine property Barrel Plating Voltage.

Powder Coat Cart

The Powder Coat Cart process cost model provides the following Sustainability outputs on the Part Details / Sustainability tab in aPriori:

• Supports Sustainability: Yes.

• Primary Material Carbon Factor: not applicable as surface treatments are considered to be secondary processes and the Primary Material Carbon Factor is not used by secondary processes. aPriori leaves the cell blank.

• Energy Carbon Factor, Logistics Carbon, Annual Carbon, and Total Carbon: the calculations for these variables are the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview.

• Material Carbon: see Material Carbon Calculation.

• Process Carbon: see Process Carbon Calculation. Note that the Indirect Machine Power calculation included in the Process Carbon calculation is the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview. Also see Process Carbon in the Sustainability Cost Model Overview for some general points about the Electricity Process Carbon and Other Process Carbon calculations.

Material Carbon Calculation

Material Carbon = (Process Area * Secondary Material Area Carbon Factor * Process Coating Thickness) / Final Yield

• Process Area: the total surface area of the part that is treated by the coating process. Calculated as (Surface Area Coated / Powder Coat Spray Efficiency):

  • Surface Area Coated: calculated as (Fraction Coated * External Surface Area):

    • Fraction Coated: specified by the setup option Fraction of Part Area that is Powder Coated.

    • External Surface Area: specified by the part Surface Area property, visible in the Geometric Cost Drivers pane.

  • Powder Coat Spray Efficiency: the fraction of powder spray that effectively covers parts; the remainder is assumed wasted. This is specified by the cost model variable powderCoatSprayEfficiency (0.8 (80%) in starting point Digital Factories).

• Secondary Material Area Carbon Factor: the total CO₂ equivalent factor for the surface area that is coated by the secondary material, (‘secondary’ because surface treatments are considered to be secondary processes). aPriori performs a lookup in the surfaceTreatmentMaterialCO2Factor table and returns the Carbon Emissions Area Factor for the Powder Coat Cart process.

• Process Coating Thickness: if a clear coat is applied, this is the sum of Top Coat Thickness (specified by the setup option Top Coat Thickness) and Clear Coat Thickness (specified by the setup option Clear Coat Thickness). If no clear coat is applied, this is the Top Coat Thickness.

• Final Yield: the number of acceptable parts at the end of the entire part routing divided by the number of this process’ starting pieces including scrap. For details, see Surface Treatment Yield Calculations.

Note: The Material Carbon value increases if you decrease the value of the cost model variable Powder Coat Spray Efficiency (0.8 (80%) in starting point Digital Factories).

Note: The Powder Coat Cart cost model assumes that carbon emissions are the same for the Top Coat Powder and the Clear Coat Powder.

Process Carbon Calculation

Process Carbon = Electricity Process Carbon + Other Process Carbon

• Electricity Process Carbon: the primary source of process carbon based on energy factors and energy consumption. Calculated as (Energy Carbon Factor * Energy Consumption ) / Final Yield:

  • Energy Carbon Factor: the CO₂ equivalent factor for a unit of energy consumed. Specified by the top-level Digital Factory variable Electricity Carbon Factor (data provided by Ecoinvent). You can update the value in the Formula Dependencies or in the Digital Factory if you have a factor that you think is more representative of your selected location.

  • Energy Consumption: the energy consumption of the machine for the process. Including direct and indirect energy consumption. See formula below.

  • Final Yield: For details, see Surface Treatment Yield Calculations.

• Other Process Carbon: (if applicable) any source of process carbon, including additional sources of carbon not related to electricity. If not applicable, this will have a value of 0.00.

Energy Consumption = (Direct Machine Energy Consumption + Indirect Machine Energy Consumption)

• Direct Machine Energy Consumption: the direct energy consumption of the machine. By default, aPriori calculates this using the Calculated Energy Consumption calculation. However, if you override Cycle Time or an element of Cycle Time that is not in the powerProfileFactors table, aPriori uses the Cycle Time Energy Consumption calculation. (If you override an element of Cycle Time that is in the powerProfileFactors table, aPriori continues to use the Calculated Energy Consumption calculation.)

• Indirect Machine Energy Consumption: the indirect energy consumption of the work center based on the overhead facility power usage. Calculated as (Indirect Machine Power * Cycle Time):

  • Indirect Machine Power: the indirect power of the work center based on the overhead facility power usage. The calculations are the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview.

  • Cycle Time: the time for one complete cycle of the applicable machine to make a single part. Includes the process times for each stage of the process. For details, see Powder Coat Cart Cycle Time Calculation.

Calculated Energy Consumption

This is the calculated energy consumption of the machine based on cycle time stages and specific power profile factors. aPriori performs a lookup in the powerProfileFactors table, calculates (Machine Power * Power Factor * Process Step Time * Cycle Time Adjustment Factor) for each cycle stage, sums the results, and displays the total energy consumption for each stage of the process (Process Step Energy Consumption):

• Machine Power: the power requirement of the work center. This is specified by the machine property Machine Power.

• Power Factor: the Power Factor for each cycle stage in the powerProfileFactors table. This is a researched value that is applied to the Machine Power to reduce it to the power requirement of the particular stage of the cycle.

• Process Step Time: the time to complete each step of the Cycle Time calculation (specified by the Formula Name in the powerProfileFactors table).

• Cycle Time Adjustment Factor: value of the cost model variable cycleTimeAdjustmentFactor. This is set to 1 in starting point Digital Factories.

Cycle Time Energy Consumption

This is the energy consumption based on the cycle time and the maximum power profile factor. Calculated as: (Machine Power * Applied Power Factor) * Cycle Time:

• Machine Power: specified by the machine property Machine Power.

• Applied Power Factor: aPriori performs a lookup in the powerProfileFactors table and select the maximum Power Factor for the process.

• Cycle Time: the time for one complete cycle of the applicable machine to make a single part. Includes the process times for each stage of the process. For details, see Powder Coat Cart Cycle Time Calculation.

Wet Coat Line

The Wet Coat Line process cost model provides the following Sustainability outputs on the Part Details / Sustainability tab in aPriori:

• Supports Sustainability: Yes.

• Primary Material Carbon Factor: not applicable as surface treatments are considered to be secondary processes and the Primary Material Carbon Factor is not used by secondary processes. aPriori leaves the cell blank.

• Energy Carbon Factor, Logistics Carbon, Annual Carbon, and Total Carbon: the calculations for these variables are the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview.

• Material Carbon: see Material Carbon Calculation.

• Process Carbon: see Process Carbon Calculation. Note that the Indirect Machine Power calculation included in the Process Carbon calculation is the same for all processes – see Sustainability Cost Model Overview. Also see Process Carbon in the Sustainability Cost Model Overview for some general points about the Electricity Process Carbon and Other Process Carbon calculations.

Material Carbon Calculation

Material Carbon = (Process Mass * Secondary Material Mass Carbon Factor) / Final Yield

• Process Mass: the required mass of paint or primer to cover the desired painted surface area. See formula below.

• Secondary Material Mass Carbon Factor: the CO₂ equivalent factor for a given mass of the secondary material. aPriori performs a lookup in the surfaceTreatmentMaterialCO2Factor table and returns the Carbon Emissions Mass Factor for the Wet Coat Line process.

• Final Yield: the number of acceptable parts at the end of the entire part routing divided by the number of this process’ starting pieces including scrap. For details, see Surface Treatment Yield Calculations.

Process Mass = Primer Coat Mass Used + Finish Coat Mass Used

• Primer Coat Mass Used: this is the product of Volume Used and Paint Density:

  • Volume Used: calculated as (Painted Surface Area / Paint Coverage):

    • Painted Surface Area: see formula below.

    • Paint Coverage: calculated as the machine property Paint Coverage * 1e06.

  • Paint Density: specified by the cost model variable wetCoatPaintDensity (1.3 in starting point Digital Factories).

• Finish Coat Mass Used: aPriori assumes that the Finish Coat Mass is identical to the Primer Coat Mass, therefore the same calculations are used.

Painted Surface Area = Fraction Painted * External Surface Area

• Fraction Painted: specified by the setup option What Fraction of Component is Painted?.

• External Surface Area: See External Surface Area.

Process Carbon Calculation

The Process Carbon calculation is the same as is used for Powder Coat Cart. See Process Carbon Calculation. For details about the Cycle Time calculations in the formulas, see Wet Coat Line Cycle Time Calculation.